Diagnostic Analgesia

The use of low doses of acepromazine as an aid for lameness diagnosis in horses: An accelerometric evaluation

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to quantify by accelerometry the trotting pattern of adult horses sedated with two different doses of acepromazine, in order to assess the use of this drug in equine lameness evaluations.

Category: Anaesthesia - Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine - Gait analysis - Lameness

Naturally-occurring forelimb lameness in the horse results in significant compensatory load redistribution during trotting.

This study aimed to quantify the compensatory response to naturally-occurring forelimb lameness on load redistribution. Data from lameness investigations using an inertial sensor based system to monitor the response to forelimb diagnostic anaesthesia were reviewed. Horses with primary forelimb lameness were grouped for analysis as (1) all horses combined (n= 28), (2) forelimb-only lameness (n= 8/28), (3) forelimb-contralateral hindlimb lameness (n= 14/28), (4) forelimb-ipsilateral hindlimb lameness (n= 6/28).

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine - Lameness

Is there an association between clinical features, response to diagnostic analgesia and radiological findings in horses with a magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of navicular disease or other injuries of the podotrochlear apparatus?

Previous descriptions of the clinical features of navicular disease occurred before the widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed a more definitive diagnosis of foot pain. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical features of horses with lesions of the podotrochlear apparatus with those with other causes of foot pain. It was hypothesised that primary navicular bone disease would be associated with more advanced radiological findings than other diagnoses.

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine - Imaging - Lameness - Ligament - Tendon

Identifying optimal parameters for quantification of changes in pelvic movement symmetry as a response to diagnostic analgesia in the hindlimbs of horses

Authors: T. Pfau, C. Spicer-Jenkins, R. K. Smith, D. M. Bolt, A. Fiske-Jackson and T. H. Witte

Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Subjective evaluation of the response to diagnostic analgesia of hindlimb lameness is influenced by expectation bias. Quantification of pelvic movement with inertial measurement units is possible, but it is unclear which measure of movement symmetry best reflects the changes seen after diagnostic analgesia.

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine - Gait analysis - Lameness

Is anaesthesia of the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve specific for the diagnosis of proximal metatarsal pain in the horse?

Authors: G. Hinnigan, P. Milner, A. Talbot, E. Singer

Journal: Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology (VCOT)

Objectives: To investigate the specificity of anaesthesia of the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve (DB-LPN). Methods: Twenty horses had DB-LPN anaesthesia performed by a single injection technique as part of a lameness investigation. The mechanical nociceptive threshold (NT) was measured using a handheld force meter at six points on the lateral aspect of the limb: before diagnostic anaesthesia (T0), and at 15 (T15) and 30 (T30) minutes post anaesthesia. Paired t-tests were performed and significance was set at p <0.05.

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine

Use of Body-Mounted Inertial Sensors to Objectively Evaluate the Response to Perineural Analgesia of the Distal Limb and Intra-articular Analgesia of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint in Horses With Forelimb Lameness

Authors: Porrakote K. Rungsri, Wolfgang Staecker, Pitiporn Leelamankong, Roberto J. Estrada, Thorben Schulze, Christoph J. Lischer

Journal: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Diagnostic analgesia of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint is theoretically helpful to localize the source of pain in the foot to the joint and/or navicular bursa. However, it has been suggested that potential diffusion of local anesthetic agent to nearby distal limb nerves may anesthetize other areas of the foot. The objective of this study was to compare the results of palmar digital (PD) and abaxial sesamoid (AS) nerve blocks to intra-articular anesthesia of the DIP joint in horses with distal forelimb lameness.

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine - Gait analysis - Lameness

Analgesic effects of intraneural injection of ethyl alcohol or formaldehyde in the palmar digital nerves of horses

Authors: Christine P. Schneider, Akikazu Ishihara, Todd P. Adams, Lisa J. Zekas, Michael Oglesbee, Alicia L. Bertone

Journal: American Journal of Veterinary Research

Objective—To determine analgesic effects of intraneural injection of ethyl alcohol or formaldehyde in the palmar digital nerves of horses.

Animals—6 horses.

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine

Extension of the scapulohumeral joint increases the likelihood of success of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

Authors: R. Cole, J. Schumacher, R. Wilhite, J. Newton and J. Schumacher

Journal: Equine Veterinary Education

Summary

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine - Tendon

Effect of anesthetizing individual compartments of the stifle joint in horses with experimentally induced stifle joint lameness

Authors: Ferenc Tóth, DVM, PhD; Jim Schumacher, DVM, MS; Michael C. Schramme, DVM, PhD; Silke Hecht, Dr med vet

Journal: American Journal of Veterinary Research

Objective—To evaluate the effects of sequential anesthesia of the individual compartments of the equine stifle joint on lameness induced by intra-articular deposition of interleukin (IL)-1β.

Animals—6 horses.

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine - Lameness

An inertial sensor-based system can objectively assess diagnostic anaesthesia of the equine foot

Authors: S. Maliye, L. Voute, D. Lund and J. F. Marshall

Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal

Summary
Reasons for performing study

In order for changes in lameness to be accurately and repeatably detected and recorded during diagnostic investigations, an objective measure of lameness is required.
Objectives

To ascertain whether an inertial sensor-based system can distinguish between a positive and negative response to diagnostic anaesthesia of the foot and objectively assess the effect of a positive response on the trot.
Study design

Restrospective clinical study.
Methods

Category: Diagnostic Analgesia - Equine - Gait analysis